VTTI：2024年自动驾驶卡车指南报告（英文版）

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Trucking Fleet Concept of Operations for

Automated Driving System-equipped

Commercial Motor Vehicles

July 2024

FOREWORD

Commercial motor vehicles (CMVs) equipped with Automated Driving Systems (ADS) offer the

potential to improve safety in long-haul trucking by eliminating human limitations such as

fatigue, impairment, and distracted driving behavior. By decoupling some freight operations

from the limitations of driver hours of service (HOS), ADS can improve delivery times, enhance

value during driver HOS, and increase the utilization of capital equipment. Additional benefits

may be realized that impact the management of limited resources, such as the charging and

refueling of electric and green-fuel heavy vehicles, as well as flexibility to schedule operations to

reduce congestion and energy demands.

This project was funded by a U.S. Department of Transportation Automated Driving System

Demonstration Grant from 2020-2024 and managed by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety

Administration. The purpose of this project was to provide the trucking industry with clear

guidelines on how to safely implement, integrate, and benefit from ADS-equipped CMVs among

mixed fleets and across operating domains. The project included technical information

collection, industry outreach, and ADS-CMV operational demonstration, as well as data

collection and sharing. This report is intended to serve as a comprehensive concept of operations

describing ADS characteristics from the viewpoint of trucking fleets, covering eight primary

topics:

– Fleet Specifications

– ADS Installation and Maintenance

– ADS Inspection Procedures

– Test Driver State Monitoring

– Motor Carrier Guide to Insuring ADS-equipped Trucks

– ADS Safety Metrics/Variables

– ADS Road Assessment System

– Data Transfer and Cybersecurity Best Practices

NOTICE

This project was performed by the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute and organized by the

U.S. Department of Transportation and Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. The

Virginia Tech Transportation Institute and the U. S. Government do not endorse products or

manufacturers named herein. Trademarks or manufacturers’ names appear in this report only

because they are considered essential to the objective of this report.

AUTHORS

Krum, A.

Mabry, E.

Hanowski, R.

Stojanovski, O.

Manke, A.

Adebisi, A.

Hammond, R.

Hickman, J.

Miller, A.

Camden, M.

Potts, I.

Harwood, D.

Jin, X.

Pugliese, B.

Ridgeway, C.

Werner, A.

Walker, M.

Kerns, L.

Meissner, K.

Parks. L.

Argueta, O.

Griffor, E.

Sarkar, A.

Stephens, M.

Yang, G.

Levin, J.

Faulkner, D.

Petersen, M.

Golusky, M.

Tidwell, S.

Crowder, T.

Bragg, H.

Terranova, P.

Thapa, S.

ABSTRACT

The primary goals of the CONOPS project were to: i) collect information and practices on how

to safely integrate ADS-equipped CMVs into the U.S. road transportation system; ii) provide the

USDOT with data; iii) demonstrate how to integrate and deploy ADS-equipped trucks in a

productive and cooperative way into the existing road freight ecosystem; and iv) collaborate with

a broad and diverse group that includes government entities, university and research institutes,

trucking associations, and private partners. This research found that the path forward to maintain

public acceptance and achieve goals of ADS-equipped CMV operational cost-effectiveness,

increased freight productivity, and reduction of crashes is through human operational assurance

of vehicle, automation, freight, and public safety through specification, maintenance, inspections,

monitoring, insurance, metrics, roadway assessment, and secure communications, as well as

continuous lifecycle performance checks.

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